Tlumach district

Tlumach district is a district of Ukraine in the east of Ivano-Frankivsk region on the Pokutska plain not far from the regional center of Ivano-Frankivsk. The district center is the town of Tlumach. The population is 48,640 people (as of August 1, 2013). It was formed in 1939 after the annexation of western Ukraine by the Soviet Union.

In the northeast, the district's border runs along the Dniester River, where it borders with Monastyryshchyna and Buchach districts of Ternopil region. The district borders Horodenkivskyi district in the east, Kolomyia district in the southwest and south, and Tysmenytsia district in the west. The area of Tlumach district is 683.54 km², which is 4.9% of the entire territory of the region. Only Sniatyn and Kalush districts are smaller in area.

The district has a unique and most picturesque corner of Ukraine's wildlife - the Dniester Canyon, which starts at the mouth of the Zolota Lypa River near the village of the same name and ends at the mouth of the Zbruch River. The canyon is 82 km long in the district. The best creations of animate and inanimate nature are gathered here.

The terrain near the village of Odai creates an opportunity for hang gliding. Over the past 10 years, international hang gliding and paragliding competitions have been held here. The deltadromes in the village of Odayiv (northwesterly winds) and the village of Isakiv-Pidverbtsi (southeasterly winds) are deltadromes of international importance. The Odayiv delta is unique in its natural and geological structure. The natural horseshoe canyon on the banks of the Dniester River in Odaiiv, 4-5 km long and over 200 m high, is directed to the northwest, and therefore collects all northwesterly winds, which create a wonderful dynamic stream up to 300 m high. Thermal flows, on the other hand, meet an obstacle on their way and create steady thermal flows on the crest of the horseshoe bank. All this contributes to excellent conditions for hang gliding and paragliding. The same conditions are available at the hang gliding sites in the villages of Isakiv and Pidverbtsi, which are used in southeast winds.

Thanks to these excellent natural conditions, both Ukrainian and international championships in delta and paragliding have been held at these delta sites for many years. Only Crimea has similar conditions.

The territory of Tlumach district has been inhabited since ancient times. Near the village of Odayiv, archaeologists have discovered the remains of a Trypillian culture dwelling dating back to the IV-III millennia BC. However, the first written mention of this area is found in the Ipatiev Chronicle dated 1213. According to the Ipatiev Chronicle, the settlement of Tovmach was founded during the reign of Yaroslav Osmomysl. The name of the settlement Tovmach is Tlumach in Polish.

The Bukivnia settlement is an archaeological site near the village of Bukivnia, one of the largest urban complexes in the Middle Dniester region, and is another example of an ancient settlement in this area. Researchers have identified 9 cultural and historical horizons from the Paleolithic to the Middle Ages.

In 1349, the Principality of Galicia-Volhynia finally collapsed and Galicia was gradually conquered by the Kingdom of Poland. It was at this time that settlements on the modern territory of the Tlumach district were mentioned in journals and court books: Petryliv village (1378), Dolyna village (1395), Obertyn village (1416), Oleshiv village (1444), Zhukiv village (1461), and Nyzhniv village (1474). Nyzhniv (1474). In 1648-1654, residents of the district took an active part in the national liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people. When Bohdan Khmelnytskyi's army appeared in Prykarpattia in the fall of 1648, a group of rebels led by Litus was organized in Obertyn.

After the first partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Poland's successor), on June 5, 1772, the territory of the modern Tlumach district was ceded to the Austrian Empire as part of a new territorial unit, the Kingdom of Galicia and Volodymyr.

The district was formed on January 17, 1940, from a part of the gminas of the Tlumach Poviat: the urban gmina Tlumach and the rural gminas of Tlumach, Nyzhniv, Olesha, and Oleshiv. By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR on October 23, 1940, the Klubivka village council was transferred from the Tlumach district to the Tysmenytsia district.

According to the MGB regional office in 1949, the OUN underground in Tlumach district was most active in the villages of Bratyshiv and Petryliv. Until 1957, the village of Horihliady was part of the district. On 05.02.1965, by a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR, the Vynohradske village council of the Tlumach district was transferred to the Kolomyia district. In the district, traces of the UPA soldiers' hideout in the "Near the Oak" of the Budzynivka village council and the giant "Bohdan Khmelnytsky Oak" in the village of Dumka have been preserved.